Electronic Leak Detection: What is it & Why is it important

Ensuring the integrity of building envelopes is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity and energy efficiency of buildings. Electronic Leak Detection (ELD) provides precise and reliable methods to identify leaks in waterproof membranes and roofing systems. By employing advanced techniques like ELD, building owners can protect their investments and extend the lifespan of their structures. A concrete space with visible water stains and possible signs of moisture damage on the walls and floor. A large white PVC pipe runs horizontally along the upper portion of the wall, supported by metal brackets. The concrete surfaces appear damp, with discoloration and streaks where water has likely dripped or seeped over time.

What is Electronic Leak Detection?

Electronic Leak Detection involves using specialized equipment to detect leaks in waterproof membranes and roofing systems. This technology is highly effective in identifying breaches that are invisible to the naked eye, ensuring that even the smallest leaks are detected and repaired promptly.

Electronic Leak Detection provides a non-destructive method for testing the integrity of waterproofing systems, reducing the need for costly repairs and potential damage. By detecting leaks early, building owners can maintain the longevity of their structures and ensure compliance with industry standards

Benefits of Electronic Leak Detection

Precision and Accuracy ELD systems are known for their precision and accuracy. They can detect even the smallest leaks, which can be missed by traditional methods. This high level of accuracy ensures that all potential points of failure are addressed.

Non-Destructive Testing One significant benefit of ELD is its non-destructive nature. Unlike invasive methods, ELD keeps the building envelope intact while delivering dependable results.

Cost-Effective By detecting leaks early, ELD can save building owners significant amounts of money in repairs and maintenance. Early detection prevents minor issues from becoming major problems, reducing overall maintenance costs.

Types of Electronic Leak Detection Methods

Low-Voltage Detection

Low-voltage ELD systems involve applying a small electrical charge to the waterproof membrane. A conductive material is used to detect any breaches where the charge escapes, pinpointing the exact location of the leak. There are various low-voltage methods to identify a breach:

  • Low-voltage Scanning Platform: Uses a scanning platform with perimeter and central chains connected to a low-voltage power source to detect leaks by contacting water on the roof's surface.
  • Low-voltage Vertical Roller Testing: Utilizes a roller to detect breaches on vertical surfaces of the roof membrane or flashings.
  • Low-voltage Electronic Field Vector Mapping: This involves grounding a conductive roof deck and applying a low-voltage pulsating charge to create an electric field. This field helps locate leaks by creating a directional current followed by a potentiometer connected to probes, requiring a conductive medium for non-conductive roof decks but not working with materials like black EPDM or aluminized coatings. A basement or a crawl space with visible water stains and possible signs of moisture damage on the walls and floor. A large white PVC pipe runs horizontally along the upper portion of the wall, supported by metal brackets. The concrete surfaces appear damp, with discoloration and streaks where water has likely dripped or seeped over time.
    High-Voltage Detection

    High-voltage ELD systems work similarly but use a higher voltage charge. This method is typically used for thicker membranes where low-voltage methods may not be effective. High-voltage systems can cover larger areas and are often used in commercial roofing applications.

In high-voltage detection, one electrical lead is connected to the roof deck, and the other is attached to a device resembling a push broom with copper bristles. As the operator “sweeps” the surface of the membrane, any moisture or breach in the membrane will allow one of the conductive bristles to complete the circuit between the measuring device and the roof deck.

Continuous Monitoring Systems

It’s possible to install a permanent moisture monitoring system that provides automated, constant real-time moisture monitoring for the life of the building. With the help of a leak detection company that can provide 24/7 monitoring, a grid system is laid out on the roof substrate with conductive sensor tape. This grid is integrated into a permanently embedded monitored system.

Continuous monitoring is especially important for museums, server farms, hospitals, and other buildings where water damage would have catastrophic consequences.

Applications of Electronic Leak Detection

Roofing Systems

ELD is widely used in roofing systems to ensure that waterproof membranes are intact. This is especially important in flat and low-slope roofs where water pooling can lead to significant damage if leaks are not detected early.

Waterproof Membranes

In foundations and basements, waterproof membranes are critical in preventing water ingress. ELD ensures these membranes are free from breaches, protecting the building's structural integrity.

Building Envelopes

Building envelopes, including walls and facades, benefit greatly from ELD. Ensuring all components are watertight helps maintain the energy efficiency and durability of the building.

Conclusion

Electronic Leak Detection is an indispensable tool in modern construction and maintenance. Its precision, non-destructive nature, and cost-effectiveness make it the preferred choice for ensuring the integrity of building envelopes. By implementing ELD, building owners can protect their investments, enhance energy efficiency, and extend the lifespan of their structures.

Have questions about ELD? Reach out to Factor today. Our expertise in building envelopes can help you safeguard your building. Your building deserves our expertise!